Fauci: 5 Things Americans Can Do to Avoid Another Lockdown

Even with COVID-19 surging in several states and the country closing in on 5 million confirmed coronavirus infections, instituting another round of lockdowns may not be necessary to get control over the virus that has killed more than 158,000 Americans to date. According to the nation’s top infectious disease expert, all it takes is a willingness from everyone to adhere to five “fundamental principles.”

Appearing in a livestream event hosted by the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the New England Journal of Medicine  on Aug. 5, Anthony Fauci, M.D., director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said the U.S. can continue efforts to open the economy “and still avoid these kind of surges that we’re seeing” if people practice the following:

1. Wear a face mask in public.
   
   
2.  Keep a distance of at least 6 feet from others (physical distancing).
   
   
3. Avoid crowded indoor settings, such as bars.
   
   
4. Stay away from large gatherings of any kind, indoors or outdoors.
   
   
5. Wash hands often.

The key, however, is widespread participation. Fauci drew a parallel to the sport of rowing and said that just like a crew team, everybody has to be “rowing in unison” and following the same guidelines if the U.S. wants to see real results, which he estimates will take at least a month.

“As long as you have any member of society, any demographic group, who is not seriously trying to get to the endgame of suppressing this, it will continue to smolder and smolder and smolder,” Fauci said. 

Asymptomatic cases are driving U.S. spread  

But getting everybody to follow the same guidelines has not been easy. One factor that has interfered with a more “unified” public response to the pandemic is the high percentage of asymptomatic cases. Experts, including Fauci, estimate as many as 40 percent of people who become infected with the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) never develop symptoms of the illness it causes (COVID-19); some who contract the virus experience only mild symptoms.

“You have some people who know, statistically, that it’s not going to bother them because the chances are they’re not going to get symptoms. And even if they do, they are going to be mild,” Fauci said. 

When communities gave the green light to reopen “in a measured, prudent way” after the initial shutdowns, some people played by the rules, Fauci said, while others, who likely presumed their risk of severe illness was low, did not. Pictures of people packed into bars and house parties flooded the internet.

However, what’s often misunderstood is that “even though you are likely not going to get symptoms, you are propagating the outbreak” and potentially passing the virus to someone who could become seriously ill or die from the infection, Fauci explained. 

Public health experts for the past several months have stressed the importance of face masks when it comes to preventing asymptomatic individuals from spreading SARS-CoV-2 to others. Cloth face coverings act as a barrier to deter virus-containing particles from escaping an infected individual and landing on another person, Ron Waldman, M.D., professor of global health at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, explained in a previous interview with AARP. And when worn collectively, masks have the ability to reduce the amount of virus circulating in a community.