4. Leave a big dog at home. You want to avoid putting your animal in the cargo hold. Among other issues, the strange environment can be stressful, your pet is separated from you (which adds to the stress) and rushed baggage handlers aren’t always gentle when moving the carrier. Only three major airlines — Alaska, American and Hawaiian — are still willing to take pets in the cargo hold, and they don’t do it on every flight. “It’s hard to have dedicated staff just for animals, and there are liability issues,” explains Erin Ballinger, destinations editor with BringFido.com. If your dog is in the cargo hold, aim for direct flights at a time of day with the most comfortable temperatures (such as early morning or evening flights in summer). Federal regulations prohibit airlines from exposing animals to temperatures below 45 degrees or above 85 degrees Fahrenheit for more than four hours during departure or arrival, or while making connections.
5. Check airlines’ safety records, particularly if you are considering putting your pet in cargo. Between 2015 and 2020, Alaska Airlines had the lowest pet incident rates — including deaths, injuries and loss — of any airline, despite transporting far more animals than its competitors. The overall numbers are still relatively small. Of the approximately 2.7 million pets that flew on U.S. airlines during that time period, there were 112 animal deaths reported to the Department of Transportation (airlines are required to report animal-companion incidents that occur in the cargo hold to the DOT). Find out which airlines have the best safety records in this report by Veterinarians.org.
6. Watch for age and breed restrictions. Most airlines refuse to take certain types of dogs onboard, from pit bulls to short-nosed breeds such as bulldogs and pugs, which are more prone to respiratory issues. Certain cat breeds may also be restricted. United won’t take Burmese, exotic shorthair, Himalayan or Persian cats, for instance, so check policies carefully. Federal regulations require pets to be at least eight weeks old in order to fly, but airlines may have their own rules. United, for example, requires puppies and kittens to be at least four months old; Delta requires them to be at least 10 weeks old.
7. Expect high cabin fees. Bringing your pet in the cabin will cost you from $95 on Southwest to $125 on American, Delta and Jet Blue for domestic flights (Hawaiian Airlines charges $35 on inter-island flights, $175 for all other flights). Those fees are one way; you’ll pay the same amount on the return flight. Fees for international airlines and flights may be higher.
8. Understand rabies rules for dogs. If you’re reentering the United States from a high-risk country for rabies transmission, make sure your dog’s rabies vaccination certificate is current. Airport personnel won’t accept expired certificates, and you’ll have to apply for a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Dog Import Permit. Dogs vaccinated in the United States by a licensed veterinarian can reenter the country from high-risk locations if they meet these CDC rules: They have a microchip and a valid U.S.-issued rabies vaccination certificate, they’re at least six months old, they’re healthy upon arrival and they arrive at one of 18 approved airports. Before traveling abroad, check with the country’s consulate or embassy about pet regulations. Bringing a pet to Hawaii? Your dog or cat will spend time in quarantine, since Hawaii is a rabies-free state.
9. Book your tickets early. Once you know you’re traveling with a pet, make a reservation as soon as possible. Airlines typically limit the number of pet carriers in the cabin (the carrier must fit below the seat in front of you). Spirit, for example, allows a maximum of four carriers per flight, while Southwest permits six, so make sure there’s room for your pet before you buy your ticket. (And during the pandemic, it's wise to buy a refundable ticket in case you need to change or cancel your flight.)